“It is no longer socially permissible to use race, explicitly, as a justification for discrimination, exclusion, and social contempt. So we don't. Rather than rely on race, we use our criminal justice system to label people of color 'criminals' and then engage in all the practices we supposedly left behind.”

American writer, attorney, and civil rights activist

Michelle Alexander is an American writer, attorney, and civil rights activist, best known for her 2010 book The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. Her work centers on race, criminal justice, and the lasting effects of mass incarceration in the United States. Since 2018, she has also written as an opinion columnist for The New York Times, extending that critique into public commentary and debate.