“Sometimes you say things with a smile with the precise intention of making it clear that you are not being serious, and are only kidding. If I salute a friend with a smile and say, 'How are you, you old scoundrel!' clearly I don't really mean he's a scoundrel.”

Italian semiotician and novelist of the late 20th century, Eco was a scholar of medieval literature and a cultural critic whose work bridged academia and fiction. He’s best known for *The Name of the Rose*, a historical mystery that blends philosophy and medieval intrigue, and for his essays on semiotics, media, and the nature of signs. His later novels, like *Foucault’s Pendulum*, explore conspiracy, knowledge, and the limits of interpretation.