“If I owe a person money, and cannot pay him, and he threatens to put me in prison, another person can take the debt upon himself, and pay it for me. But if I have committed a crime, every circumstance of the case is changed. Moral justice cannot take the innocent for the guilty even if the innocent would offer itself. To suppose justice to do this, is to destroy the principle of its existence, which is the thing itself. It is then no longer justice. It is indiscriminate revenge.”

English-born American political thinker, inventor, and statesman

Thomas Paine was an English-born American political thinker, inventor, and statesman of the 18th century. He helped shape the American Revolution and is best known for the pamphlets Common Sense and The American Crisis. Those writings were among the most influential texts at the start of the Revolution, and they helped encourage colonial patriots to declare independence from Great Britain in 1776. His ideas were rooted in Enlightenment ideals of human rights, which run through his political writing.