“When I was a medical student, a pulmonary professor of mine cajoled me into joining a clinical trial that she was running. The general aim of the tests was to determine whether prolonged periods of short and shallow breathing would cause a person's lungs to go into spasm. It turns out, as I can attest, that they do.”

American physician and investor

Scott Gottlieb is an American physician and investor. He served as the 23rd commissioner of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration from 2017 to 2019, and he is a contributor to CNBC and CBS News’ Face the Nation. He is a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, a partner at New Enterprise Associates, and a board member at Pfizer, UnitedHealth Group, and Illumina. He is also an elected member of the National Academy of Medicine and the author of Uncontrolled Spread, a New York Times bestselling book about the COVID-19 pandemic and the national security weaknesses it exposed.