“In our will, there lives something which is perpetually observing us inwardly. It is easy to look upon this inner spectator as something intended to be taken pictorially; the spiritual investigator knows it to be a reality, just as sense-perceptible objects are realities.”

Austrian philosopher and esotericist

Rudolf Steiner was an Austrian philosopher, social reformer, architect, and esotericist. He became known at the end of the nineteenth century as a literary critic, and later for founding anthroposophy, an esoteric spiritual movement rooted in German idealist philosophy and theosophy. He also wrote works including The Philosophy of Freedom. His teachings drew on Christian Gnosticism or neognosticism, and he was described as a claimed clairvoyant who said he could speak with the dead. Many of his ideas are regarded as pseudoscientific, and he was also associated with pseudohistory.