“I remember at the age of five travelling on a trolley car with my mother past a group of women on a picket line at a textile plant, seeing them being viciously beaten by security people. So that kind of thing stayed with me.”

Linguist and political theorist from the United States, active since the 1950s. He developed foundational theories of generative grammar and cognitive linguistics, reshaping modern linguistics. His work also spans political philosophy, media criticism, and human rights advocacy, often challenging power structures and corporate influence.