“I am never proud to participate in violence, yet I know that each of us must care enough for ourselves that we can be ready and able to come to our own defense when and wherever needed.”

American poet and civil rights activist, 20th century Her work spans memoir, poetry, and essays, with a focus on Black identity, resilience, and the transformative power of storytelling. Known for her iconic memoir *I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings*, she also championed education and human rights through her writing and activism.