“Imagine a person whose memory could not retain what the word 'pain' meant—so that he constantly called different things by that name—but nevertheless used the word in a way fitting in with the usual symptoms and presuppositions of ‘pain’—in short he uses it as we all do. Here I should like to say: a wheel that can be turned though nothing else moves with it, is not part of the mechanism”

Austro-British philosopher

Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein was an Austro-British philosopher associated with logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of language. He is known for work that shaped twentieth-century philosophical debate, especially in these fields. His writing centers on how language works, how thought is expressed, and the foundations of reasoning and meaning.