“Nyerere pursued ambitious and not always successful policies aimed at building a peaceful and prosperous nation out of an ethnically diverse colonial territory populated mostly by illiterate peasant farmers. His Arusha Declaration in 1967 envisioned a clean government dedicated to economic growth on the basis of his theory of African socialism, or Ujamaa. Although his government gave military support to movements fighting white minority governments, only the war with Idi Amin’s Uganda in 1978 mobilized the Tanzanian army and population at large.”