“Mars has long exerted a pull on the human imagination. The erratically moving red star in the sky was seen as sinister or violent by the ancients: The Greeks identified it with Ares, the god of war; the Babylonians named it after Nergal, god of the underworld. To the ancient Chinese, it was Ying-huo, the fire planet.”

American novelist, poet, and critic

John Hoyer Updike was an American novelist, poet, short-story writer, art critic, and literary critic. He is known for a career that ranged across fiction, poetry, criticism, and children’s books, and for being one of only four writers to win the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction more than once. Over the course of his career, Updike published more than 20 novels and more than a dozen short-story collections, along with poetry and books of art and literary criticism. His work reflects that wide range, moving between fiction and commentary with equal ease.