“Governmental intervention and personal responsibility are not mutually exclusive issues, but they do frame a 'do it ourselves' vs. 'what are you doing for us' debate. For the black community, that's a debate that's been raging at least as far back as the W.E.B. Du Bois, Booker T. Washington philosophical grudge matches.”

American screenwriter, television director, novelist, and showrunner

John Ridley is an American screenwriter, television director, novelist, and showrunner. He is known for writing 12 Years a Slave, which won him the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, and for creating and running the anthology series American Crime. Ridley has worked across film and television as both a writer and director. He directed the documentary Let It Fall: Los Angeles 1982 to 1992 in 2017, and his work is closely associated with drama rooted in history, race, and American life.