“And if he had judged her harshly? If her life were a simple rosary of hours, her life simple and strange as a bird's life, gay in the morning, restless all day, tired at sundown? Her heart simple and willful as a bird's heart?”

Irish novelist, poet, and literary critic

James Joyce was an Irish novelist, poet, and literary critic. He helped shape modernism and is widely regarded as a major writer of the 20th century. He is best known for Ulysses, a novel that reworks episodes from Homer’s Odyssey through a range of literary styles, especially stream of consciousness. Other well-known works include Dubliners, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, and Finnegans Wake. He also wrote two books of poetry, a play, letters, and occasional journalism.