“How does one man assert his power over another, Winston?”Winston thought. “By making him suffer,” he said.“Exactly. By making him suffer. Obedience is not enough. Unless he is suffering, how can you be sure that he is obeying your will and not his own?...”

English novelist, poet, essayist, journalist, and critic

George Orwell was the pen name of Eric Arthur Blair, an English novelist, poet, essayist, journalist, and critic. He is known for writing with clear prose and for work shaped by social criticism, opposition to totalitarianism, and support for democratic socialism. His writing is marked by direct language and a strong political conscience. Across his novels, essays, and journalism, he returns to questions of power, public life, and freedom, and he is closely associated with criticism of totalitarian rule and with democratic socialist ideas.