“Sometimes she would be engaged in a laboratory exercise or a seminar when the instructor would say, "Gentlemen, let's proceed," and sensing Ellie's frown would add, "Sorry, Miss Arroway, but I think of you as one of the boys." The highest compliment they were capable of paying was that in their minds she was not overtly female.”

American astronomer and science communicator of the mid-to-late 20th century, Carl Sagan made complex cosmic concepts accessible to the public through his books and television series. He championed scientific skepticism and the search for extraterrestrial life, blending rigor with poetic clarity to inspire wonder about humanity’s place in the universe.