“Under the absolute sway of an individual despot the body was attacked in order to subdue the soul, and the soul escaped the blows which were directed against it and rose superior to the attempt; but such is not the course adopted by tyranny in democratic republics; there the body is left free, and the soul is enslaved.”

French diplomat, political philosopher and historian

Alexis de Tocqueville was a French diplomat, political philosopher, and historian. He lived from 1805 to 1859, and is best known for his books Democracy in America and The Old Regime and the Revolution. After traveling in the United States, he wrote Democracy in America, a study now seen as an early work of sociology and political science. He also reflected on his journeys in England and Ireland, examining living standards, social conditions, and the relationship between individuals, the market, and the state in Western societies.